外源病毒检验用抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒特异性血清的制备与检定

为制备外源病毒检验用抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)特异性血清,对300只3~4周龄的SPF鸡进行基础免疫和加强免疫;最后一次免疫21 d后,采血并分离血清;对血清经混合、分装、冷冻、真空干燥后,进行无菌检验、外源病毒检验、剩余水分测定、中和效价测定和特异性检验。结果表明:本研究制备的抗IBV特异性血清的无菌检验、外源病毒检验和剩余水分测定结果均符合现行《中华人民共和国兽药典》规定;血清中和效价为1:800,与IBV H120种毒株的中和指数为106.3,与鸡传染性法氏囊病毒B87株、鸡新城疫病毒La Sota株、鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒、鸡痘病毒、禽呼肠孤病毒S1133株的中和指数均不大于10;通过AGP、ELISA、HI等试验,确定该血清中不含其他禽源外源病毒抗体。本研究为鸡传染性支气管炎活疫苗或毒种的外源病毒检验提供了具有良好特异性和高效价的中和用血清。     

年际气象差异对西南丘陵区玉米物质积累与产量的影响

基于2011-2016年大田试验和气象数据资料,研究了年际气象差异对西南丘陵区玉米物质积累与产量的影响,以期为西南丘陵区玉米生产的高产稳产提供理论支持。结果表明：西南丘陵地区雨热资源丰富,但气象因素存在明显的年际波动,降水量波动最大,积温波动最小,且玉米各生育阶段降水、积温和光照配置也有所不同。积温是该区玉米生育前期形态建成的主要限制因子,花前积温、花后日照和降水共同调控玉米的干物质积累与转运,而后期产量形成是各气象因子综合作用的结果。花后日照直接影响玉米穗部性状（穗长、穗粗）和产量构成（穗粒数、千粒重）,从而调控玉米的产量;花后积温和降水则通过影响玉米的穗粒数和千粒重对最终产量产生影响。因此,西南丘陵地区玉米在生产过程中可以通过调整播期,适当提高生育前期积温,促进植株生长发育,提高源器官的形态建成,为花后光合生产奠定良好的基础;减少花后降水量,提高花后日照时数,改善籽粒灌浆,提高籽粒充实度,从而实现高产。     

Nutrient cycling and biomass flows in a low-quality forest stand improvement system in the Lesser Khingan Range of China

The material flow and bulk internal flow analyses were used to establish a material accumulation and cycling model for a low-quality forest stand improvement system and a series of processes were considered. The model was applied in a one-hectare low-quality forest plot in the Lesser Khingan Range of China. Results showed that during 1997–2007, the stands absorbed 270.19 kg of N, 74.28 kg of P, and 124.39 kg of K from soils, 51.82 kg of N and 2.38 kg of P were directly absorbed by foliage, and 16.25 kg of K was released to soils by eluviation. Until 2007, the accumulated nutrients in the stands included 236.91 kg of N, 65.28 kg of P, and 108.55 kg of K. When horizontal strip clearcutting was applied in 2007, 50% accumulated nutrients in the stands were shifted due to harvesting operations, and 212.74 kg of N, 26.97 kg of P, and 98.88 kg of K were accumulated in soils, declining by 9.47% for N, 3.68% for P, and 17.60% for K, respectively, compared with year 1997. 94.61 t per hectare of biomass was generated, of which the biomass in stands accounted for 87.36%. The felled tree biomass was 36.89 t per hectare, of which 84.90% and 10.03% of biomass were utilized in terms of logs and other means, and the rest was left on site.     

浅圆仓充氮气调技术实仓应用探究

通过对浅圆仓采用不同方法进行充氮试验,探索最佳的浅圆仓充氮气调储粮工艺。试验结果表明,采用上充下排方式,先以设备允许的最大流量(流量165m~3/h,浓度95%)充入氮气,当仓内氮气浓度接近95%时,再逐步提高设备氮气浓度至99%(流量90m~3/h),此工艺相较其他方法充氮速率略高,能耗相对略低,仓内氮气分布均匀。     

Regulatory effect of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate supplementation on ergosterol production in Hericium erinaceus mycelia

We evaluated the biomass and ergosterol content of Hericium erinaceus mycelium, and extracellular enzyme activities in H. erinaceus liquid culture following salicylic acid(SA) and methyl jasmonic acid(Me JA)supplementation. The optimal SA concentration was100 lmoláL-1, where the highest ergosterol content of 2.33 mgág-1was obtained following 6-day cultivation with100 lmoláL-1SA supplementation, and which was significantly higher than the unsupplemented control(p \ 0.01). Following 4-day supplementation with50 lmoláL-1Me JA, the highest ergosterol content obtained was 1.988 mgág-1, which was 25.8 % higher than the unsupplemented control. Our data indicate that SA and Me JA supplementation improves ergosterol content in H.erinaceus mycelium.     

浅议通过标签内容查找农药隐性成分

本文针对农药隐性成分危害大和监管难等问题,剖析了企业主要动机,以农药标签为对象,研究建立了一种查找"问题"农药、锁定农药隐性成分的方法。该方法具有成本低、易于普及、克服检测仪器谱库不足、发挥基层各方力量进行监管等优点。与检测技术结合使用,可以弥补各方不足,更好地发挥监管作用。     

赣中地区棉花荷兰豆套种及轻简栽培技术

本文介绍了江西赣中地区棉花与荷兰豆套作模式及轻简栽培模式,并介绍该模式下棉花、荷兰豆的轻简栽培技术,包括选择配套栽培的优质良种、田块选择、科学肥水管理、棉花化学调控、病虫草害绿色防控等方面内容.棉花荷兰豆套种经济效益比棉花单作提高59.5％、比荷兰豆单作提高2.84％,棉花荷兰豆套种模式投入减少,提高棉农的经济效益.以供江西省棉花与荷兰豆两熟制种植区参考.     

辽西北沙地苹果-花生间作系统土壤养分空间分布特征及间作效应

[目的] 研究辽西北沙地农林复合系统土壤养分的空间分布及其效应，从土壤养分角度探讨果农间作系统中果树和农作物对土壤养分的相互作用关系，为该区农林复合系统的可持续经营提供科学合理的依据。[方法] 以苹果与花生间作、花生单作、苹果单作为研究对象，对0-60 cm土层深度，0-300 cm水平距离范围内土壤养分含量进行测定和分析。[结果] 沙地间作系统中土壤有机质、速效钾极缺乏，全氮、碱解氮很缺乏，全磷缺乏，有效磷含量中等；间作系统在水平方向上，苹果树和花生植株对总养分有机质、氮、磷的竞争激烈位点位于果树带区，对有效养分氮、磷、钾的竞争激烈位点位于近果树作物区；在垂直方向上，各养分总体表现出了表聚性，间作系统对有机质、有效磷的竞争主要位于深土层，对全磷、速效钾的竞争主要位于表土层，对全氮、碱解氮表现为合作效应，表土层效应更高；与苹果单作、花生单作相比较，间作系统速效钾和有效磷含量呈现负效应。[结论] 沙地苹果-花生间作系统土壤养分贫瘠，应在果树带区施用有机肥、磷肥，作物区施入钾肥，以减轻养分竞争，提高养分效应。